ATmega128
txclk
rxclk
xcki
xcko
fosc
Transmitter clock. (Internal Signal)
Receiver base clock. (Internal Signal)
Input from XCK pin (internal Signal). Used for synchronous slave operation.
Clock output to XCK pin (Internal Signal). Used for synchronous master
operation.
XTAL pin frequency (System Clock).
Internal Clock
Generation – The
Baud Rate Generator
Internal clock generation is used for the asynchronous and the synchronous master modes of
operation. The description in this section refers to Figure 80 .
The USART Baud Rate Register (UBRR) and the down-counter connected to it function as a
programmable prescaler or baud rate generator. The down-counter, running at system clock
(fosc), is loaded with the UBRR value each time the counter has counted down to zero or when
the UBRRL Register is written. A clock is generated each time the counter reaches zero. This
clock is the baud rate generator clock output (= fosc/(UBRR+1)). The transmitter divides the
baud rate generator clock output by 2, 8, or 16 depending on mode. The baud rate generator
output is used directly by the receiver’s clock and data recovery units. However, the recovery
units use a state machine that uses 2, 8, or 16 states depending on mode set by the state of the
UMSEL, U2X and DDR_XCK bits.
Table 74 contains equations for calculating the baud rate (in bits per second) and for calculating
the UBRR value for each mode of operation using an internally generated clock source.
Table 74. Equations for Calculating Baud Rate Register Setting
Equation for Calculating
Equation for Calculating
f OSC
16 ( UBRR + 1 )
f OSC
f OSC
8 ( UBRR + 1 )
f OSC
f OSC
2 ( UBRR + 1 )
f OSC
Operating Mode
Asynchronous Normal Mode
(U2X = 0)
Asynchronous Double Speed
Mode (U2X = 1)
Synchronous Master Mode
Baud Rate (1)
BAUD = ---------------------------------------
BAUD = -----------------------------------
BAUD = -----------------------------------
UBRR Value
UBRR = ------------------------ – 1
16 BAUD
UBRR = -------------------- – 1
8 BAUD
UBRR = -------------------- – 1
2 BAUD
Note:
1. The baud rate is defined to be the transfer rate in bit per second (bps).
BAUD Baud rate (in bits per second, bps)
f OSC
System Oscillator clock frequency
UBRR Contents of the UBRRH and UBRRL Registers, (0 - 4095)
Some examples of UBRR values for some system clock frequencies are found in Table 82 (see
page 193 ).
Double Speed
Operation (U2X)
The transfer rate can be doubled by setting the U2X bit in UCSRA. Setting this bit only has effect
for the asynchronous operation. Set this bit to zero when using synchronous operation.
Setting this bit will reduce the divisor of the baud rate divider from 16 to 8, effectively doubling
the transfer rate for asynchronous communication. Note however that the receiver will in this
case only use half the number of samples (reduced from 16 to 8) for data sampling and clock
recovery, and therefore a more accurate baud rate setting and system clock are required when
this mode is used. For the Transmitter, there are no downsides.
173
2467X–AVR–06/11
相关PDF资料
ATMEGA64RZAPV-10AU BUNDLE ATMEGA644P/AT86RF230 TQFP
ATP101-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 30V 25A ATPAK
ATP102-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 30V 40A ATPAK
ATP103-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 30V 55A ATPAK
ATP104-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 30V 75A ATPAK
ATP106-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 40V 30A ATPAK
ATP107-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 40V 50A ATPAK
ATP108-TL-H MOSFET P-CH 40V 70A ATPAK
相关代理商/技术参数
ATMEGA128RFA1-ZUR SL514 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:
ATMEGA128RFA1-ZUR00 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC REVF 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC REVF T&R - Bulk 制造商:Atmel from Components Direct 功能描述:ATMEL ATMEGA128RFA1-ZUR00 MICROCONTROLLERS (MCU) 制造商:Atmel 功能描述:Atmel ATMEGA128RFA1-ZUR00 Microcontrollers (MCU) 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:MCU AVR 2.4GHZ 128K FLASH 64VQFN 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC Revision F 制造商:Atmel 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC REVF
ATMEGA128RFR2-ZF 功能描述:IC RF TXRX+MCU 802.15.4 64-VFQFN 制造商:microchip technology 系列:- 包装:托盘 零件状态:在售 类型:TxRx + MCU 射频系列/标准:802.15.4 协议:Zigbee? 调制:DSSS, O-QPSK 频率:2.4GHz 数据速率(最大值):2Mbps 功率 - 输出:3.5dBm 灵敏度:-100dBm 存储容量:128kB 闪存,4kB EEPROM,16kB SRAM 串行接口:I2C,JTAG,SPI,USART GPIO:35 电压 - 电源:1.8 V ~ 3.6 V 电流 - 接收:5mA ~ 12.5mA 电流 - 传输:8mA ~ 14.5mA 工作温度:-40°C ~ 125°C 封装/外壳:64-VFQFN 裸露焊盘 标准包装:260
ATMEGA128RFR2-ZU 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC IND 85C - Bulk
ATMEGA128RFR2-ZUR 制造商:Atmel Corporation 功能描述:2.4GHZ 802.15.4 128K SOC 85C T&R - Tape and Reel
ATMEGA128RZAV-8AU 功能描述:射频微控制器 - MCU AVR Z-Link Bundle RoHS:否 制造商:Silicon Labs 核心:8051 处理器系列:Si100x 数据总线宽度:8 bit 最大时钟频率:24 MHz 程序存储器大小:64 KB 数据 RAM 大小:4 KB 片上 ADC:Yes 工作电源电压:1.8 V to 3.6 V 工作温度范围:- 40 C to + 85 C 封装 / 箱体:LGA-42 安装风格:SMD/SMT 封装:Tube
ATMEGA128RZAV-8MU 功能描述:射频微控制器 - MCU AVR Z-Link Bundle RoHS:否 制造商:Silicon Labs 核心:8051 处理器系列:Si100x 数据总线宽度:8 bit 最大时钟频率:24 MHz 程序存储器大小:64 KB 数据 RAM 大小:4 KB 片上 ADC:Yes 工作电源电压:1.8 V to 3.6 V 工作温度范围:- 40 C to + 85 C 封装 / 箱体:LGA-42 安装风格:SMD/SMT 封装:Tube